During the pontifical mass at the 2011 World Youth Day in Madrid, Santiago Sierra used a photographic camera developed by Julius von Bismarck to project the letters NO onto the ongoing ceremony as well as pilgrims and policemen guarding the event against protestors. Projected as a flashlight, the word NO was visible only when the camera was triggered—and only to this camera and others triggered at the same time, but not, as a lasting phenomenon, to human eyes, and in particular not to those of the security team.
NO Projected Above The Pope, 2011
Madrid, World Youth Day. In collaboration with Julius von Bismarck




in collaboration with Julius von Bismarck
C-Prints, Diasec, 180 x 250 cm
Santiago Sierra































- Anna Boghiguian
- Candice Breitz
- Marco A. Castillo
- CATPC
- Alice Creischer
- Chto Delat
- Clegg & Guttmann
- Eugenio Dittborn
- Heinrich Dunst
- Anna Ehrenstein
- Estate of León Ferrari
- Sophie Gogl
- Estate of Barbara Hammer
- The Cabinet of Ramon Haze
- Hiwa K
- Renzo Martens
- Chris Martin
- Frédéric Moser & Philippe Schwinger
- Henrike Naumann
- Oswald Oberhuber
- Mario Pfeifer
- Dierk Schmidt
- Tina Schulz
- Santiago Sierra
- Michael E. Smith
- Franz Erhard Walther
- Clemens von Wedemeyer
- Tobias Zielony